Il diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a metabolic disease that causes high levels of cup sugar in the blood.
THEinsulin hormone moves sugar from blood to cells for storage or for energy; with diabetes, the organism does not produce enough insulin or fails to use the insulin it produces properly.
Index
TYPES OF DIABETES
there different types of diabetes e and
nuno has different symptoms, causes, and treatments that only your doctor can diagnose and prescribe:
- Type 1 diabetes: it's an illness autoimmune; the immune system attacks and destroys cells in the pancreas, where insulin is produced. The 10% of people with diabetes suffer from type 1 diabetes.
- Type 2 diabetes: occurs when the body becomes insulin resistant and sugar builds up in the blood.
- Prediabetes: Occurs when the blood sugar level is higher than normal but is not high enough to classify as diabetes.
- Gestational diabetes: high blood sugar level during pregnancy; it is caused by hormones in the placenta that block insulin.
- Insipid diabetes: it is not related to diabetes mellitus, despite the name; it is a different pathology in which i kidneys remove too much fluid from the body.
SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES
Symptoms of diabetes are caused by an increase in blood sugar and include:
- Increased hunger
- Increased thirst
- Weight loss
- Frequent urination
- Blurred vision
- Extreme fatigue
- Sores that don't heal
- Urinary tract infections (in women)
- Erectile dysfunction (in men)
- Mood disturbances
CAUSES OF DIABETES
Several causes are associated with each type of diabetes. The causes of type 1 diabetes are still unknown; there may be genetic causes, but it is also possible that a virus is triggering the attack of the immune system.
Il 2 type diabetes derives from a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors; being overweight is a key risk factor.
Gestational diabetes, on the other hand, is the result of hormonal changes during pregnancy.
RISK FACTORS
In type 1 diabetes, the risk factors are:
- Being a child or a teenager
- Having a parent or sibling with type 1 diabetes
- Having certain genes linked to the disease
In type 2 diabetes, the risk factors are:
- Overweight
- Be 45 or older
- Having a parent or sibling with type 2 diabetes
- Not being physically active
- High blood pressure and cholesterol
- Previous prediabetes
TREATMENT
The doctors treat diabetes with different drugs; some of these drugs are taken orally, while others are available as injections.
For type 1 diabetes, insulin is the main treatment which is prescribed, as it replaces the hormone the body is unable to produce.
For type 2 diabetes, diet and exercise can help improve the condition; if lifestyle changes are not enough to lower blood sugar levels, drugs may be needed.i, always under the prescription of a doctor.
PREVENTION
Il Type 1 diabetes is not preventable because it is caused by a immune system problem; some causes of type 2 diabetes, such as genes and age, are also not under control.
However, many other diabetes risk factors are controllable; most diabetes prevention strategies involve simple changes to your diet and fitness routine.
If you've been diagnosed with prediabetes, here are some things you can do to delay or prevent the onset of diabetes:
- Do at least 150 minutes of aerobic sessions per week (walking or cycling)
- Cut out saturated fats and refined carbohydrates
- Eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains;
- Eat smaller portions;
- Try to lose weight if you are overweight.
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